Ways Representing Data:

Data Types:

Hardware has a few different (fixed size) data-types. When trying to squash a larger data-type into smaller one, it creates Data Overflow.

Operating on Data Types:

Converting Data Types to larger types:

Also kinda easy. If you’re converting a number in English from 024 to 6 digits, you’d add a 0 3 more times. It’s exactly the same as converting a Byte to a Short. Whatever sign the 2s Complement Representation has, just repeatedly extend that sign to fill up the new space. EG: